All too often, students feel the writing course has nothing to do with their own lives and goals. Drawing on more than 35 years of combined classroom experience, Kate Mangelsdorf and Evelyn Posey give beginning writers the skills and confidence they need to choose topics and approaches that matter to them, providing them with step-by-step guidance for producing well-written, meaningful essays. Maintaining a supportive yet respectful tone,
Choices helps students understand writing as a process, see the connections between reading and writing, and use rhetorical strategies, among other necessary academic skills. A wealth of professional and student models, reflecting an impressive diversity, chapters on writing for different situations, and a comprehensive handbook provide everything students need to become effective academic writers — far below the cost of comparable rhetorics.
Kate Mangelsdorf is professor of English and director of rhetoric and developmental English at the University of Texas at El Paso, where she has also been director of composition and associate dean of University College. She was formerly coordinator of ESL writing at the University of Arizona, and she has also taught at Yavapai Community College. Mangelsdorf has published articles in the Journal of Second Language Writing, English Language Teaching Journal, and Teaching English in the Two Year College.
Evelyn Posey is a Professor in the Department of English at the University of Texas at El Paso. She has served as an associate vice president for instructional design and technology integration, associate dean in the College of Liberal Arts, director of English education in the department of English, and director of the West Texas Writing Project. Posey has published articles in journals such as Computers and Composition, The Journal of Developmental Education, and Teaching English in the Two-Year College.
* = new to this editionPreface Part One Composing Ourselves, Writing for Others Chapter 1: The Writing Process Writing Assignment Reading to Improve Writing A Writer’s Composing Process Step 1. Explore Your Choices Analyzing Your Audience and Purpose Gathering Ideas Step 2. Write Your Discovery Draft Choosing a Topic Sharing Your Ideas Step 3. Revise Your Draft Developing Your Ideas Building Your Essay Step 4. Edit Your Sentences Using Standard Written English Correcting Errors One Student’s Writing Process Charles' Ideas Charles' Drafting Charles' Revising Charles' Editing *Charles Lujan, "Thinking about Writing" Charles' Sharing Chapter ChecklistReflecting on Your Writing Chapter 2: Crafting Paragraphs Writing AssignmentTopic Sentences Unity Organization General-to-Specific Order Topic-Illustration-Explanation Order Progressive Order Directional Order Question-and-Answer Order Specific-to-General Order Special Kinds of Paragraphs Introductions Conclusions One Student’s Paragraph Melissa’s Choices Melissa’s Drafting Melissa’s Revising Melissa Ruiz, "After Katrina" Melissa’s Editing Melissa’s Sharing Chapter ChecklistReflecting on Your Writing Chapter 3: The Patterns of Development Writing AssignmentDescription Narration Chronological Order Flashback Dialogue Examples Facts Expert Testimony Process Explanation Classification Definition Comparison and Contrast Cause and Effect Argument One Student’s Writing Process Carlos' Ideas Carlos' Drafting Charles' Revising and Editing *Carlos Montijo, "Television and Children" Carlos's Sharing Chapter ChecklistReflecting on Your Writing Part Two Writing to Share IdeasChapter 4: Remembering: Significant Events, People, and Times in Our Lives Getting Started: Reading Essays Remembering a Significant Person, Event, Time A Significant Person Joshua Bell, "My Maestro" A Memorable Event James Dillard, "A Doctor’s Dilemma" An Important Period Malcolm X, "Prison Studies" Writing Your Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide Writing AssignmentStep 1. Explore Your Choices Analyzing Your Audience and Purpose Gathering Ideas Step 2. Write Your Discovery Draft Choosing a Topic Sharing Your Ideas A Student's Discovery Draft Jesus Ramirez (discovery draft)Step 3. Revise Your Draft Developing Your Ideas Building Your Essay A Student’s Revised Draft Jesus Ramirez, "Baseball Memories" Step 4. Edit Your Sentences Combining Sentences Using Coordinating Conjunctions Correcting Run-on Sentences A Student’s Edited Essay Jesus Ramirez, "Baseball Memories" Step 5. Sharing Your Essay Chapter ChecklistReflecting on Your WritingChapter 5: Explaining: Cultural Symbols, Traditions, and Heroes Getting Started: Reading Essays Explaining a Cultural Symbol, Tradition, or Hero A Cultural Symbol Nora Okja Keller, "My Mother’s Food" A Cultural Tradition Kevin Kling, "Hook, Line, and Television" A Cultural Hero *Jeffrey Zaslow, "What We Can Learn from Sully's Journey" Writing Your Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide Writing AssignmentStep 1. Explore Your Choices Analyzing Your Audience and Purpose Gathering Ideas Step 2. Write Your Discovery Draft Choosing a Topic Sharing Your Ideas A Student's Discovery Draft Sandra Cordero, "El Grito de Dolores" (discovery draft)Step 3. Revise Your Draft Developing Your Ideas Building Your Essay A Student’s Revised Draft Sandra Cordero, "El Grito de Dolores" Step 4. Edit Your Sentences Combining Sentences Using Conjunctive Adverbs Correcting Sentence Fragments A Student’s Edited Essay Sandra Cordero, "El Grito de Dolores" Step 5. Sharing Your Essay Chapter ChecklistReflecting on Your WritingChapter 6: Analyzing: Occupations, Workplace Communication, and Job-related Problems Getting Started: Reading Essays Analyzing a Work Issue An Occupation *Heather Robinson, "I am Not a Babysitter" Workplace Communication Perri Klass, "She’s Your Basic L.O.L. in N.A.D." A Job-Related Problem Donald Trump, "You’re Hired!" Writing Your Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide Writing AssignmentStep 1. Explore Your Choices Analyzing Your Audience and Purpose Gathering Ideas Step 2. Write Your Discovery Draft Choosing a Topic Sharing Your Ideas A Student's Discovery Draft Kathy Chu (discovery draft)Step 3. Revise Your Draft Developing Your Ideas Building Your Essay A Student’s Revised Draft Kathy Chu, "Helping Children Heal" Step 4. Edit Your Sentences Combining Sentences Using Subordinating Conjunctions Correcting Pronoun Reference and Agreement A Student’s Edited Essay Kathy Chu, "Helping Children Heal" Step 5. Sharing Your Essay Chapter ChecklistReflecting on Your WritingChapter 7: Evaluating: Products, Performances, and Places Getting Started: Reading Essays Evaluating a Product, Performance, or Place Evaluation of a Product *Nicholas Carr, "The P.C. Officially Died Today." Evaluation of a Performance *Richard Corliss, "Michael Jackson’s This is It Review: He’s Still a Thriller." Evaluation of a Place *Nicolai Ouroussoff, "Two New Baseball Palaces: One Stoic, One Scrappy." Writing Your Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide Writing AssignmentStep 1. Explore Your Choices Analyzing Your Audience and Purpose Gathering Ideas Step 2. Write Your Discovery Draft Choosing a Topic Sharing Your Ideas A Student's Discovery Draft Paul LaPrade (discovery draft)Step 3. Revise Your Draft Developing Your Ideas with Comparison and Contrast Building Your Essay A Student’s Revised Draft *Paul LaPrade, "The Disappeared" Step 4. Edit Your Sentences Combining Sentences Using Relative Clauses Correcting Comma Splices A Student’s Edited Essay *Paul LaPrade, "The Disappeared" Step 5. Sharing Your Essay Chapter ChecklistReflecting on Your WritingChapter 8: Arguing a Position: Censorship, Stereotypes, and Media in Our Lives Getting Started: Reading Essays Arguing a Position about a Media Issue A Censorship Issue Anna Quindlen, "Write and Wrong" A Stereotyping Issue Samuel L. Jackson, "In Character" A Lifestyle Issue *Tara Parker-Pope, "The Ugly Toll of Technology: Impatience and Forgetfulness" Writing Your Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide Writing AssignmentStep 1. Explore Your Choices Analyzing Your Audience and Purpose Gathering Ideas Step 2. Write Your Discovery Draft Choosing a Topic Sharing Your Ideas A Student's Discovery Draft Reginald Jones, (discovery draft)Step 3. Revise Your Draft Developing Your Ideas with Cause-and-Effect Analysis Building Your Essay A Student’s Revised Draft Reginald Jones, "Newspaper Ad Sparks Controversy" Step 4. Edit Your Sentences Combining Sentences Using Introductory Phrases Correcting Subject-Verb Agreement Problems A Student’s Edited Essay Reginald Jones, "Newspaper Ad Sparks Controversy" Step 5. Sharing Your Essay Chapter ChecklistReflecting on Your Writing Chapter 9: Proposing a Solution: Health, Education, and the EnvironmentGetting Started: Reading Essays That Propose a Solution to a Problem A Health Problem Darshak Sanghavi, "Quicker Liquor: Should We Lower the Drinking Age?" An Education Problem Amanda Schaffer, "How to Buck Up the Science Ladies" An Environmental Problem David Sirota, "Putting the 'I' in the Environment" Writing Your Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide Writing AssignmentStep 1. Explore Your Choices Analyzing Your Audience and Purpose Gathering Ideas Step 2. Write Your Discovery Draft Choosing a Topic Sharing Your Ideas A Student's Discovery Draft Andrea Benitez (discovery draft)Step 3. Revise Your Draft Developing Your Ideas with Argument Building Your Essay A Student’s Revised Draft Andrea Benitez "Why Go Vegan?" Step 4. Edit Your Sentences Combining Sentences Using Appositives Correcting Shifts in Person A Student’s Edited Essay Andrea Benitez "Why Go Vegan?" Step 5. Share Your Essay Chapter ChecklistReflecting on Your Writing Part Three Writing for Different SituationsChapter 10: Keeping Journals Writing Assignment Why Writers Keep Journals Lucy Calkins, from The Art of Teaching Writing Personal Journals Dialogue Journals Learning Logs Chapter Checklist Reflecting on Your Writing Chapter 11: Writing Summaries Writing Assignment Writing a Summary Reread the Original Text Write the Summary Chapter Checklist Reflecting on Your Writing Chapter 12: Conducting Research Writing Assignment Preparing to Conduct Research Narrow Your Topic Write Research Questions Primary Research Making Observations Surveying Others Conducting Interviews Secondary Research Locating Sources of Information Evaluating Sources of Information Avoiding Plagiarism Taking Notes Philip Zimbardo and Anne Weber, "Cross-Cultural Perspective: Culture Shock" Quoting Information Paraphrasing Information Summarizing Information Documenting Sources Sample Research Paper Leslie Lozano, "Culture Shock" Chapter Checklist Reflecting on Your Writing Chapter 13: Taking Timed Writing Tests Writing Assignment The Essay Exam Preparing for an Essay Exam Taking the Essay Exam Sample Essay Question and Student Response In-Class Timed Writing about a Reading Preparing for In-Class Timed Writing about a Reading Performing In-Class Timed Writing about a Reading Sample In-Class Writing Question and Student Response Brian A. Courtney, "Freedom from Choice" Multiple-Choice Writing Tests Preparing for a Multiple-Choice Writing Test Taking a Multiple-Choice Writing Test Chapter Checklist Reflecting on Your Writing Chapter 14: Writing Resumes and Cover Letters Writing Assignment The Resume Required Information Optional Sections Format and Grammar Sample Resume Cover Letter Sample Cover Letter Chapter Checklist Reflecting on Your Writing Part Four Handbook with Exercises Chapter 15: Writing Sentences A. Subjects Compound Subjects Subject Pretenders B. Verbs Action and Linking Verbs Verb Pretenders Verb Tense C. Subject-Verb Agreement Singular and Plural Forms Indefinite Pronouns Chapter 16: Expanding Sentences A. Phrases B. Clauses Independent or Main Clauses Dependent or Subordinate Clauses Relative Clauses C. Pronouns Pronoun Reference Pronoun Agreement D. Adjectives E. Adverbs Chapter 17: Combining Sentences A. Coordination Coordinating Conjunctions and Commas Conjunctive Adverbs and Semicolons B. Subordination Subordinating Conjunctions Relative Pronouns C. Sentence-Combining Exercises Specific Methods of Combining Sentences Various Methods of Combining Sentences Chapter 18: Improving Sentences A. Sentence Fragments B. Run-on Sentences C. Comma Splices D. Misplaced Modifiers E. Dangling Modifiers F. Active and Passive Voice G. Parallelism Chapter 19: Improving Word Choice A. Vocabulary Meaning from Context Learn Roots, Prefixes, and Suffixes B. Unnecessary Repetition C. Wordiness Chapter 20: Improving Spelling A. Spelling Rules B. Commonly Misspelled Words C. Commonly Confused Words Chapter 21: Improving Punctuation A. Commas B. Semicolons C. Colons D. End Punctuation E. Apostrophes F. Quotation Marks Chapter 22: Improving Mechanics A. Capital Letters B. Italics C. Abbreviations D. Numbers Chapter 23: Guide for Multilingual Writers A. Articles B. Count and Noncount Nouns C. Prepositions D. Omitted or Repeated Subjects Omitted Subjects Repeated Subjects E. Word Order Adjective Placement Adverb Placement F. Verbs Verb Tense Helping Verbs Verbs Followed by Gerunds or Infinitives Two-Part Verbs Participles Used as Adjectives G. Active and Passive Voice Appendix: Additional ReadingsChapter 4: Remembering: Significant Events, People, and Periods in Our Lives A Significant Person Thomas L. Friedman, "My Favorite Teacher" A Memorable Event Francis Lam, "Killing Dinner" An Important Period Brent Staples, "Black Men and Public Space"Chapter 5: Explaining: Cultural Symbols, Traditions, and Heroes A Cultural Symbol Jhumpa Lahiri, "Rice" A Cultural Tradition Lizette Alvarez, "Latinas Make Sweet 16-ish Their Own." A Cultural Hero John Culhane, "Oprah Winfrey: How Truth Changed Her Life" Chapter 6: Analyzing: Occupations, Workplace Communication, and Job-related Problems An Occupation Donna McAleer, "How a Soldier Takes on Community Health Care" Workplace Communication Rita Warren Hess, "American Workplace Slang and Jargon" A Job-Related Problem Ellen Goodman, "The Company Man" Chapter 7: Evaluating: Products, Performances, and Places Evaluation of a Product Ann Hodgman, "No Wonder They Call Me a Bitch" Evaluation of a Performance Diane Heiman and Phyllis Bookspan, "Sesame Street: Brought to You by the Letters M-A-L-E" Evaluation of a Place Nicholas Jennings, "A Palace of Rock" Chapter 8: Arguing a Position: Censorship, Stereotypes, and Media in Our Lives A Censorship Issue Peter Singer, "Let's Hope the WikiLeaks Cables Move Us Closer to Open Diplomacy" A Stereotyping Issue Allison Samuels, "The Case Against Celebrity Gossip" A Lifestyle Issue Janna Malamud Smith, "Online but Not Antisocial" Chapter 9: Proposing a Solution: Health, Education, and the Environment A Health Problem Elizabeth M. Whelan, "Perils of Prohibition" An Education Problem Mary Sherry, "In Praise of the F Word" An Environmental Problem Mark Hertsgaard, "A Global Green Deal"